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The Eve:
Why this pattern is
Revolutionary to
Bra Making

Bras by Kristen

Explaining the process of bra drafting for potential clients or drafting students.


It is very easy to have wires laying around and not know their size. I originally put this tutorial together with this in mind, but I want to talk about manufacturers for a minute. I've now been through two drafting courses and both sets of teachers (and well known bra making suppliers) have discussed how you can send a schematic to a manufacturer all you want, but they never come back quite the way you expect.  I have a strong opinion on the subject. Wires should be actually put up to the body in a wire fitting and if you know the name of the wire that's great for knowing how to order more. 

It is a little difficult to determine what size will be right by just doing a wire trace and comparing to a chart and hoping that the wire that comes in the mail actually matches the schematics.  For this reason, I highly recommend that if you are making bras for clients, you get a set of wires for doing wire fittings and then do this process of measuring below to get the diameter necessary for doing custom work. If you are doing this process for making bras for yourself and you did a root trace, rather than testing physical wires, I would order the size your root trace and 2 or 3 sizes larger.  Slightly bigger is going to be better than too small and pinching breast tissue. 

The most accurate rule of thumb is to actually have wire in hand for a wire fitting and for drafters to actually have wire in hand while drafting so you can trace it right into your draft.

Without further ado, here is the process of measuring wire diameter:

Lay your wire on a piece of paper so you can trace it.
 When you trace, you want the inside diameter because this is where the seam goes when you attach the cup to the band.
 The wire tracing.
 Fold the paper so the circle lines mostly line up.
 Fold the paper so the circle is lines up again
 Measure from the point to the circle. This will be your radius for your compass.
 Measure the wire like this to make sure the radius you ended with seems logical.
(radius times 2 to find diameter)



In bra patterns, makers have to pick a width between the breasts. This is usually another average and in Ready to Wear, it's another difficult hurdle, for some, to find anything that fits. 



In my posts about a client's fitting band Part 1 and Part 2, I shared a band where I had extra seam allowance in the center front to give the ability to account for altering the bridge for the angles the wires may need to sit to trace the inframammary crease on each person's body.  


In this photo above, the bridge I had made was too wide and I pinned it in on the client.  The photo below is how those pins translated into altering the band. This particular client needed the wires to overlap at the top and a little extra space at the bottom. 


Another way to be able to alter this space is to "take a measurement," so to speak, by making card stock bridge halves that perfectly align with the shape of the wire. An easy way to do this is to trace the wire on paper, or take a photocopy if you have a copier. This can be taken at the time of measuring for a bra, and fitting the wire.  Technically, you are fitting not only the bridge, but you are deciding at what angle the wires need to sit to follow the shape of your body, all at the same time. Also, this may help those who have one breast higher on the body than the other, you can paperclip the cardboard to match your shapes and trace at your drafting table. 


The wire basically is shaped like a circle (in most cases) and the bridge area represents a quarter of the circle that the wire is based on. For those who are drafting with Bare Essentials, Third Edition, this is the quarter wire circumference from your particular wire. 

Then, place a paperclip at the top and the bottom of the two pieces, and you can scoot them together; you may need to fold the paper if it's too wide, because some people need to overlap wires. You can slide them apart, or at different angles for what your own shape is like, to give you an idea of how to angle the bridge on the pattern to make the wires sit along your anatomy.  Below are 3 angles of bridge testers, note the angle of the wires in each picture. 






Once you have the cardboard shaped like your bridge, you can trace them on a piece of paper and fold in half to compare with most patterns.  Most patterns are cut the center front on the fold, so most of the time, it is just a matter of changing that angle of the center front fold like I did on the fabric with the purple markings.


I cut fabric for the fitting band in A Client's Fitting Band - Part 1.  I show assembly in A Client's Fitting Band - Part 2.  Then I cut and sewed tester cups in Test Cups for A Client.  Here's my summary of how the fitting went.

Recap

With my client measuring at a rather extreme torso shape, I was concerned that her measurements may have needed shaping to the back in a downward hike like I highlighted in this post about band alterations, based on previous work that I have done for this client in shaping her back darts in her clothing.  Therefore, I had created a "seam allowance" along the strap attachment point on her back band in case this alteration was necessary.  I was almost hoping it was necessary, however, the band  was successful exactly as the pattern was created. I'm a little disappointed that I can't show that alteration this time around. 

Seam allowances facing outside the band for comfort of the client and for ease of manipulating in the fitting for being able to pin. 


Inside of the fitting band, nice and smooth to the skin.


Fitting band on the hanger. 


My client measured as cup #2 in the cups offered in the 34 wire size.  So I made cups 1, 2, and 3 to have options for fit.


I started with cup #2 basted into the frame and pinned the straps on, because I wanted to be able to  move the straps easily for this client.  Strap attachment points can affect whether or not the straps dig into the muscle structure of the shoulders and if bra straps dig in a certain area of the shoulder it can create migraines (ask me how I know! This is why I don't care for X straps in the back.) 


The Fitting Summary

When she tried on the bra, there was only a little extra in the cup.  I probably could only pinch 1/4 inch of too much space in the cup.  In a much larger size, I would not have thought of trying a smaller cup, but in this case, I knew that the differences between the sizes could not have been more than 1/4 inch from cutting it out and handling the patterns. In a client of this size, 1/4 inch elastic stretches in the sewing just enough that it dents in the breast tissue along the neckline edge.  Because every underwired bra she has had seems to dig into her ribs/sternum, we have decided on a foam cup bra and the underwire channel being on top of the foam (an idea I have seen in ready to wear bras that I have altered). 

I cut fabric for the fitting band in A Client's Fitting Band - Part 1.  I show assembly in A Client's Fitting Band - Part 2.  Then I cut and sewed tester cups in Test Cups for A Client.  Here's my summary of how the fitting went.

My client measured as a cup #2 in a Regular 34 Porcelynne wire in a 28 band with a torso shape of V6. So, to have a few sizes to try like you would shopping in a store, I made cup # 1, 2, & 3. The frustrating store experience of band sizes that are different numbers to try to find the right sister size that will fit is basically eliminated with this fitting band and basting in cups way of trying on bras. Cup #2 was a little big for my client and cup #1 fit perfectly. No alterations  were needed for this client, I just moved down a cup size and it worked out. Below I have pictures of the assembly process. 

The Assembly 

1. I always mark front, apex, base of the vertical seam, and front. It's too easy to mess it up otherwise. (As my bra friend Dale says, "Ask me how I know." )



3. I stitched the vertical seam of the lower cup. I don't recommend back stitches at the apex because it can cause the fabric to have a bump that shows through shirts. The goal is to hide the nipple, not make it stand out.


I recommend to hold the tail of thread and lightly pull at the back to keep your fabric from getting sucked down into the machine.  (Some machines are more prone to this than others and if your fabric gets sucked down often, then I would start at the base of the cup and start up 1/4 inch, stitch up to the apex, turn and stitch back down to the base and back stitch at the base to reinforce the area you skipped to get started.)


I got to the end and put my needle down and pivoted... 


... and stitched the other direction exactly on the first line of stitching so the seam could still be pressed open. 



4. I pressed the seam open. It helps sink the stitches into the fabric and then I don't have to fight with the seam when I topstitch.



5. When lining up the upper cup to the lower cup, I match the seam allowances, not the corners. (see the purple line on the cup.)



6. There's a scant amount more of the lower cup almost visible by the rippling in this first picture. 


I slightly stretched the cup, so it evenly distributes the wrinkles and put a pin at the apex so the fullness is spread evenly. 


7. I stitched the cups together. I always place whichever side of the cups has more fullness to the feed dogs to ease it together. 


Also, I put some slight pressure while stitching, but not too much... Just enough to make the fullness disappear again. 


I pivoted around and sewed back the other direction, very carefully to match the stitches so it could be pressed open. 



8. I pressed the seams open. 


9. I topstitched 1 - 2 mm from the seam to flatten this seam as much as possible. 


I pivoted, moved to the other side of the seam, and topstitched the other side at that same 1 - 2 mm from the seam.


At this point, I topstitched up the vertical seam. 


I turned and topstitched the seam allowance from the horizontal seam just below the horizontal seam's top stitching. 


10. I applied elastics to the neckline and armhole areas of the cup because I'm making these cups to be used with generic adjustable fitting bands in my shop, so I'm building my inventory of cup sizes.  This could be skipped for most cups in the testing process. 

I started with an extra 1/4 inch of elastic hanging off the end because once you turn it inward to the cup, it is at an angle and if I don't lead with a little extra, then it won't go to the end of the cup and won't be caught in the seam allowance. 


I started at the side cup so it would be covered by the neckline elastic when it gets turned. 


Once I was most of the way sewn, I clipped the elastic off at the neckline seam allowance so it's not super bulky when the neckline gets turned over. (see purple indicating the seam allowance at the end of the elastic)


I turned it to the inside, and it's still too long where my thumb is, but not by as much as it first seemed like when I started on the outside. Also, you can see how I stopped at the seam allowance at the strap point. 


Here's how it looked after topstitching. 


Again, I left 1/4 inch extra for the first pass to allow for the angles once it gets turned. 



Once it is turned to the inside, almost the whole 1/4 inch of lead space is needed for topstitching the elastic to the inside. 


After I completed the second pass, that is when I cut the elastic at the center front of the cup. 


I then trimmed the tail of the neckline elastic at the strap attachment area by sliding my scissors in behind the scallops of the armhole elastics to get a clean line right at the edge. If I were putting this cup in a finished bra, I would bartack the strap on at this point to look like most of the ready-to-wear bras that I have worked on in our alterations shop


End Results

The completed cup, ready to be basted into the fitting band. 




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